The activities most often performed in tree care include the removal of various parts of the crowns. These treatments are generally called cutting. Need to remove branches, and often also branches, it follows, that a young tree with a small crown initially takes up little space, with age, its crown grows more and more, finally, in adulthood, it often reaches enormous dimensions (drawing).
Drawing. Mastering more and more space by the growing crown causes the weaker branches remaining inside to die and the need to systematically remove them.
Only a few will be left of the many small twigs of the young crown, grown into mighty branches. However, most of the branches, for whom there will be no space and light inside the crown, must be systematically removed. The necessity of removal is stated in many neglected and uncut tree crowns 30-60% branch.
Therefore, pruning is already performed in the nursery and should be continued throughout the life of the tree.
By cutting off a shoot or branch that develops normally, the tree reacts to restore the lost part. This is most often manifested by the emergence of one or more new shoots from the buds below or next to the cut site in the next year or more.. This phenomenon occurs most intensively on shoots and apical branches.
Each tree species has a unique growth pattern, branching and crown building. Trimming off any parts of the crown, care should be taken to preserve its character and conformation, consistent with the characteristic species characteristics of a given tree. If the purpose of cutting is to remove a significant part of thick branches or limbs, which is often necessary in very neglected trees, this operation should not be performed once. In many cases, they have to be spread over a period 2-3 years. Then the danger of disturbing the balance of physiological processes is avoided, which can lead to the weakening of the tree and often to easy control of diseases and pests.
Every cut causes wounds to form, which are always gateways of potential infection. Inadequate wound care can lead to decay of the wood and endanger the tree. Therefore, you should avoid removing very thick branches and limbs. if it is possible, you should aim to remove more smaller branches. Therefore, timely cutting is of utmost importance here. Certain branches should be removed then, when can you tell, that in the coming years there will be no place for them in the crown. Removing dry or dying branches is the result of neglecting timely care. In many cases delayed cuts endanger the health of the tree. Removing a large number of branches may expose the trunk and expose it to more intense heat from the sun's rays. This is often the cause of cortical gangrene (chafing), difficult to care for and heal. To prevent this from happening, the branches should be removed gradually; such a gradual exposure of the trunk will make it possible to develop resistance to heat.
